Research conducted by scientists from the Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute has brought new warnings regarding the impacts of combined exposure to herbicides widely used in agriculture. Published in the scientific journal Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, the study demonstrated that the association between the herbicides dicamba and 2,4-D may cause more severe damage to human intestinal cells than exposure to each substance individually.

The study evaluated the toxicological effects of the two compounds on human intestinal Caco-2 cells, internationally used in gastrointestinal health research. Researchers analyzed different cellular mechanisms related to toxicity, including oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death, and impairment of intestinal barrier function.

Results showed that when combined, the herbicides caused more severe biological alterations than when assessed separately. Observed effects included increased oxidative stress, reduced cell viability, and greater induction of apoptosis — the programmed cell death process.

Real-world exposure and health impacts

According to the researchers, the relevance of the study lies precisely in evaluating a scenario close to real life. In agricultural environments, herbicides are frequently used together to increase weed-control effectiveness, expanding possibilities of simultaneous exposure through water, food, and the environment.

Although many toxicological studies analyze isolated substances, scientists emphasize that chemical mixtures may produce different and potentially more aggressive effects on the body.

“The research reinforces the importance of expanding studies on combined exposures, which are part of the population’s environmental and dietary reality. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for advancing risk assessment and protecting human health,” emphasizes researcher Izonete Cristina Guiloski, who led the study.

Science focused on public health

The article also highlights the role of the Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute in subjects connecting science, public health, and prevention. In addition to investigating pediatric diseases and treatments, the Institute develops research focused on environmental impacts and factors that may influence health throughout life.

The study was conducted in partnership with researchers from the Federal University of Paraná, Pequeno Príncipe College, and other Brazilian institutions, strengthening scientific collaboration around strategic public health topics.